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William Gowland
William Gowland (16 December 1842 – 9 June 1922) was an English mining engineer most famous for his archaeological work at Stonehenge and in Japan. He has been called the "Father of Japanese Archaeology".〔Hudson, Mark. ( "Book Reviews: ''William Gowland: The Father of Japanese Archaeology'' by Victor Harris Kazuo Goto," ) ''Asian Perspectives,'' Vol. 45, No. 1 (2006), p. 97.〕
==Biography==
Gowland was born in Sunderland, County Durham, in northern England. He attended the Royal College of Chemistry and Royal School of Mines at South Kensington, specialising in metallurgy, and worked as a chemist and as a metallurgist at the Broughton Copper Company from 1870 to 1872. However, in 1872, at the age of 30, he was recruited by the Meiji government of the Empire of Japan as a foreign engineering advisor at the ''Osaka Zōheikyoku'', the forerunner of the Japan Mint.
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